Description

• General description: 9-cis-Astaxanthin is an isomer of astaxanthin (3,3 -dihydroxy-β,β-carotene-4,4 -dione), belonging to the xanthophyll family of oxygenated derivatives of carotenoids.[1]
• Application: Detection and Analysis of Carbamazepine Metabolites: A study by Cui et al. used LC-MS/MS to detect carbamazepine and its metabolites, including 10,11-Dihydro-10-Hydroxycarbamazepine, in blood samples, indicating its utility as a pharmaceutical intermediate in biochemical assays and research on drug metabolism (Cui et al., 2023).Environmental Dynamics of Carbamazepine Metabolites: Research conducted by Malvar et al. focused on the dynamics of carbamazepine and its main metabolites in soil contamination studies, using methods like LC-MS/MS to trace pharmaceutical intermediates, providing insights into environmental biochemistry and pollution studies (Malvar et al., 2020).Serum Analysis for Drug Monitoring: Li et al. developed a solid-phase extraction method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine levels of carbamazepine and 10-Hydroxycarbamazepine in human serum, showcasing its application in clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring (Li et al., 2018).