CD1d Monoclonal Antibody (51.1), APC, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

• The MAb 51.1 reacts with human CD1d, a member of the CD1 family with similarity to the non-polymorphic MHC Class I-like molecules
• CD1d is a highly conserved single transmembrane receptor of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily
• CD1d can associate with beta-microglobulin another feature showing similarity to MHC class I molecules, but can also exist as a nonglycosylated protein not in association with beta microglobulin
• This suggests different control mechanisms for presenting glycolipid containing molecules to CD1d reactive NKT cells
• Expression of CD1d is found on B cells of the periphery, in resting monocytes and cortical thymocytes
• On intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) expression is polarized
• Expression can also be found at low levels intracellularly in hepatocytes
• In HCV (hepatitis C virus) livers, CD1d is highly expressed compared to normal controls
• The 51.1 MAb has been shown to have functional activity; blocking the interaction of CD1d transfected cells with NKT cells
• CD1d is a heavy chain associated with Beta 2 microglobulin on cortical thymocytes
• Beta 2 microglobulin independent expression of CD1d has also been demonstrated on human intestinal epithelial cells
• CD1d is the sole group 2 member of the CD1 family of major histocompatibility (MHC) like glycoproteins
• The CD1d gene encodes a divergent member of the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin
• The CD1 proteins mediate the presentation of primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin to T cells
• The human genome contains five CD1 family genes organized in a cluster on chromosome 1
• The CD1 family members are thought to differ in their cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands
• The protein encoded by the CD1d gene localizes to late endosomes and lysosomes via a tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail
• Diseases associated with CD1D include Mycobacterium Malmoense and Autoimmune Disease.