iNOS Monoclonal Antibody (CXNFT), Brilliant Violet™ 421, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

• iNOS (Inducible Nitric oxide, NO, NOS) is an inorganic, gaseous free radical that carries a variety of messages between cells
• Vasorelaxation, neurotransmission and cytotoxicity can all be potentiated through cellular response to NO
• NO production is mediated by members of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family
• iNOS is expressed in liver and inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines
• NOS catalyzes the oxidization of L-arginine to produce L-citrulline and NO
• Two constitutive isoforms, brain or neuronal NOS (b or nNOS, type I) and endothelial cell NOS (eNOS, type III), and one inducible isoform (iNOS, type II), have been cloned
• All NOS isoforms contain calmodulin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding domains
• iNOS is found in a variety of cell types including macrophages, hepatocytes, synoviocytes, and smooth muscle cells
• Cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 and -2, and lipopolysaccarides (LPS) cause an increase in iNOS mRNA, protein, and activity levels
• Protein kinase C-stimulating agents exhibit the same effect on iNOS activity
• After cytokine induction, iNOS exhibits a delayed activity response which is then followed by a significant increase in NO production over a long period of time
• Three related iNOS pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17
• Diseases associated with iNOS dysfunction include achalasia and impotence.