Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O55:B5

Description

• General description: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are glycolipids,[1] a combination of carbohydrate units linked with single or multiple fatty acids that are found in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.[2] The LPS is an essential component of the outer membrane and the LPS structure is composed of lipid A, a glucosamine-based phospholipid, a short-core oligosaccharide, and an O-antigen, a distal polysaccharide.[3]
• Application: Lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O55:B5 has been used:to stimulate hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells[4]to stimulate the spleen and study the expression of the Malitaf gene in the fish blunt snout bream[5]as part of the concanavalin A (ConA) and D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS) model of fulminant hepatitis to study the effect of the natural compound hesperetin[6]to check the cell viability of human chorionic villi-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hCMSCs) by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay[7] to induce oligodendrocyte toxicity to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of few compounds[8] to induce sarcopenia in rats to evaluate the antioxidant effects of curcumin-loaded hydrophobic surface-modified hydroxyapatite[9]
• Biochem/physiol Actions: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) sets up a protective permeability barrier that blocks the entry of antibiotics and bile salts, which make Gram-negative bacteria innately resistant. LPS is involved in bacterial pathogenicity as the host immune system primarily encounters the LPS component of the bacteria. LPS is an endotoxin and a highly immunogenic antigen that can enhance the immune system. The lipid A of LPS stimulates host cells via toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4).[1]
• Other Notes: 2024 CiteAb Award Winner for Supplier Succeeding in Parkinson′s Research