R&D Systems™ SUMO2 Conjugation Kit

Description

• Human Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 2 (SUMO2), also known as Sentrin2 and SMT3B is synthesized as a 95 amino acid (aa), propeptide with a predicted 11 kDa
• SUMO2 contains a two aa C-terminal prosegment and an 18 aa N-terminal protein interacting region between aa 33-50
• Human SUMO2 shares 100% aa sequence identity with mouse SUMO2
• SUMO2 also has very high aa sequence identity with SUMO3 and SUMO4, 86% and 85%, respectively
• SUMO2 shares only 44% aa sequence identity with SUMO1
• SUMOs are a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed SUMOylation
• All SUMO proteins share a conserved Ubiquitin domain and a C-terminal diglycine cleavage/attachment site
• Following prosegment cleavage, the C-terminal glycine residue of SUMO2 is enzymatically attached to a lysine residue on a target protein
• In humans, SUMO2 is conjugated to a variety of molecules in the presence of the SAE1/UBA2 SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme and the UBE2I/Ubc9 SUMO-conjugating (E2) enzyme
• In yeast, the SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme is Aos1/Uba2p
• Because of the high level of aa sequence identity most studies report effects of SUMO2/3
• For example, post-translational addition of SUMO2/3 was shown to modulate the function of ARHGAP21, a RhoGAP protein known to be involved in cell migration
• Other reports indicate that the SUMOylation with SUMO2/3, but not SUMO1, may represent an important mechanism to protect neurons during episodes of cerebral ischemia
• However, studies suggest that SUMO2/3 expression is regulated in an isoform-specific manner since oxidative stress downregulated the transcription of SUMO3 but not SUMO2.