Ly-49G2 Rat anti-Mouse, Brilliant Violet 421, Clone: 4D11, BD Optibuild™

Description

• The 4D11 antibody specifically recognizes Ly-49G2 (also known as LGL-1), an inhibitory receptor which is expressed on subsets of natural killer (NK) cells and DX5-positive T lymphocytes (NK-T cells) in all strains tested (e.g., AKR/N, BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6, CBA/J, DBA/2, SJL, 129) and on a population of memory CD8+ T lymphocytes in C57BL/6 mice
• Cross-reaction of 4D11 antibody to Ly-49A[B6], Ly-49A[BALB], and Ly-49T[129/J] inhibitory receptors and Ly-49L[CBA/J] activating receptor has been reported
• The proportion of NK-T cells expressing Ly-49A and Ly-49G2 is higher (2-5 fold) in thymus than in liver (immature and mature NK-T cells, respectively), and there is evidence that down-regulation of Ly-49 receptor expression is necessary for normal NK-T-cell development to occur
• Most NK cells express a single allele of Ly-49A and/or Ly-49G2, although occasionally they may express more than one allele
• The Ly-49 family of NK-cell receptors, members of the C-type lectin superfamily, are disulfide-linked type-II transmembrane protein homodimers with extracellular carbohydrate-recognition domains, which bind to MHC class I alloantigens
• The Ly-49 family members are expressed independently, such that an individual NK or T cell may display more than one class of Ly-49 receptor homodimers
• Binding of Ly-49G[B6]-expressing transfectants to H-2Dd+/H-2Ld+ ConA blasts has been demonstrated, and H-2D[d]-expressing target cells inhibit the lytic activity of Ly-49G2-expressing NK cells
• The levels of the Ly-49 inhibitory receptors are down-regulated by their ligands in vivo, and the various levels of expression of a Ly-49 inhibitory receptor may affect the specificity of NK cells
• Ly-49G2[+] NK cells are able to lyse target tumor cells expressing H-2[a] and H-2[b] MHC class I antigens in vitro, and they mediate allogeneic and hybrid resistance to H-2[b] bone marrow transplantation
• The Ly-49A[BALB] and Ly-49A[B6] alloantigens bind to MHC class I antigens of the d and k haplotypes, and Ly-49A[+] IL-2-activated NK cells are unable to lyse target cells expressing H-2[d] and H-2[k]
• In vitrostudies suggest that the Ly-49G2 and Ly-49A receptors mediate negative regulation of NK-cell cytolytic activity via tyrosine phosphorylation of their ITIMs ( Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory M The antibody was conjugated to BD Horizon™ BV421 which is part of the BD Horizon Brilliant™ Violet family of dyes
• With an Ex Max of 407nm and Em Max at 421nm, BD Horizon BV421 can be excited by the violet laser and detected in the standard Pacific Blue™ filter set (eg, 450/50nm filter)
• BD Horizon BV421 conjugates are very bright, often exhibiting a 10 fold improvement in brightness compared to Pacific Blue conjugates
• BV421 is a polymer-based dye excited by the violet laser and is one of the brightest fluorochromes offered by BD Biosciences
• Conjugates are typically 10 times brighter than Pacific Blue™ conjugates and are often as bright as or brighter than PE conjugates
• Due to nearly identical excitation and emission properties but different spillover characteristics, BD Horizon BV421, Pacific Blue™, and BD Horizon™ V450 cannot be used simultaneously.