Transforming Growth Factor-β2 human

Description

• General description: Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) belongs to the TGF-β superfamily.[1] All threes isoforms (TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3) are known to share similar structure and function.[2] The TGFB2 gene is mapped to human chromosome 1q41 and is localized to extracellular matrix.[3][4] The active form of TGF-β precursor is produced upon proteolytic cleavage. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 have 70% amino acid sequence identity.[4]
• Biochem/physiol Actions: TGF-β2 is important for immune homeostasis by balancing lymphocyte proliferation, apoptosis, hematopoiesis, and embryogenesis. TGF-β2 is crucial in cell growth, differentiation, and survival.[5] TGF-β2 is a strong growth inhibitor for normal and transformed epithelial, lymphoid, fibroblast, and keratinocyte cells.[6] TGF-β is associated with the process of tumor development, progression and metastasis.[7] TGF-β2 is a tumor suppressor in the early stages of carcinogenesis, but in the later stages acts as a tumor promoter by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stimulating angiogenesis.[5] TGF-β2 inhibits antitumor action of NK (natural killer) cells, T-cells, macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils.[7] TGF-β is also associated with inflammation and wound healing.[8] The TGF-β gene is overexpressed in glioma tumors and also in colon cancer, gastric cancer and cervical lesions.[2]
• Preparation Note: HumanKine TGF-β2 is expressed in human HEK 293 cells as a mature, non-glycosylated, disulfide-linked homodimer with a predicted molecular mass of approx. 25 kDa.
• Analysis Note: The specific activity was determined by the dose-dependent inhibition of IL-4 induced proliferation of mouse HT-2 (BALB/c spleen activated by sheep erythrocytes in the presence of IL-2).
• Legal Information: HumanKine is a registered trademark of Proteintech Group, Inc. and Humanzyme, Inc