Description

• General description: 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide is a crystalline solid. 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide is a prominent electron transporter in various enzymatic activities in which it is alternately oxidized.[1] APAD has a more significant oxidation potential than NAD.[2] NAD analogues, APAD, were electrochemically more effectively reduced than genuine NAD, and the stability of their reduced products was also significantly higher than NADH.[3] In transhydrogenation processes with NADH or NADPH, APAD also operates as a proton acceptor.[1]
• Application: Many molecules use 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide as a signaling molecule, cofactor, or substrate.[4] Various dehydrogenase processes use APAD instead of NAD as a hydrogen-accepting cofactor.[2] The oxidative phosphorylation can be studied with ADAP. ADAP can also be used as a suitable substrate.[4]
• Biochem/physiol Actions: APAD is an NAD analog with higher oxidation potential than NAD. It can substitute for NAD as a hydrogen-accepting cofactor in many dehydrogenase reactions; e.g. lactate dehydrogenase from Toxoplasma, Clonorchis, and Plasmodium, bacterial lipoamide dehydrogenase, as well as mammalian dehydrogenases. It can also act as a proton acceptor in various transhydrogenation reactions with NADH or NADPH.
• Linkage: Analog of NAD