Anti-TIM4/TIMD-4 Antibody, clone Kat5-18

Description

• General description: T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 4 (UniProt Q6U7R4; also known as Spleen mucin-containing knockout of lymphotoxin protein, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing 4, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin receptor 4, T-cell membrane protein 4, TIMD-4, Smuckler) is encoded by the Timd4 (also known as B430010N18Rik, Tim4) gene (Gene ID 276891) in murine species. Phagocytes, including macrophages, target apoptotic cells for engulfment by recognizing their surface exposed phosphatidylserine (PtdSer or PS). Macrophages employ specific receptors and opsonins for PS recognition, such as Milk-fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), protein S, growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6), and TAM family TKR (Tyro 3, Axl, and MerTK) that function as protein S and Gs6 receptors. Tim (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing) family proteins, stabilins, and BAI1 also directly bind PtdSer and enhance the engulfment of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Tim4 is shown to mediate murine resident peritoneal macrophages (rpMacs) engagment of apoptotic cells, while MerTK-mediates the engulfment of tethered target cells. Tim4- or MerTK-null mutations prevent rpMac-mediated apoptotic cell engulfment. Tim4-null, but not MerTK-null, macrophages lose their ability to tether apoptotic cells. Murine Tim4 is initially produced with a signal peptide sequence (a.a. 1-22), the removal of which yields the mature Tim4 with a large extracellular region (a.a.23-279), a transmembrane domain (a.a. 280-300), and a short cytoplasmic tail (a.a. 301-343).
• Immunogen: Epitope: Extracellular domain
• Application: Flow Cytometry Analysis: A representative lot detected Tim4 immunoreactivity among 61% of the resident peritoneal Tim4+ MerTK+ macrophages from C57BL/6J mice (Nishi, C., et al. (2014). Mol. Cell. Biol. 34(8):1512-1520).Flow Cytometry Analysis: Representative lots were conjugated with biotin and detected Tim4 immunoreactivity among mouse Mac1+ peritoneal cells (Miyanishi, M., et al. (2012). Int. Immunol. 24(9):551-559; Miyanishi, M., et al. (2007). Nature. 450(7168):435-439). Neutralizing Analysis: A representative lot blocked Tim4-mediated engulfment of apoptotic CAD-/- thymocytes by murine peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner in culture (Miyanishi, M., et al. (2007). Nature. 450(7168):435-439).Neutralizing Analysis: A representative lot, when administered via i.v. injection, significantly suppressed the phagocytosis activity of F40/80+ macrophages in the thymus of CAD-/- mice following intraperitoneal dexamethasone injection to induce apoptosis in the thymus (Miyanishi, M., et al. (2007). Nature. 450(7168):435-439).
• Quality: Evaluated by Flow Cytometry in Ba/F3-Tim4 cells overexpressing mouse Tim4.Flow Cytometry Analysis: 0.1 µg of this antibody detected TIM4/TIMD-4 in Ba/F3-Tim4 cells overexpressing mouse Tim4.
• Target description: ~37 kDa calculated
• Physical form: Format: Purified
• Storage and Stability: Stable for 1 year at -20°C from date of receipt.Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.
• Other Notes: Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.
• Disclaimer: Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.