Anti-MxA, clone M143 (CL143)

Description

• General description: Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 (UniProt P20591; also known as IFI-78K, Interferon-induced protein p78, Interferon-inducible protein p78, Interferon-regulated resistance GTP-binding protein MxA, Myxoma resistance protein 1, Myxovirus resistance 1) is encoded by the MX1 (also known as MX, IFI78) gene (Gene ID 4599) in human. The interferon-inducible myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins belong to the family of large GTPases and are highly homologous with dynamins within their GTP-binding domain. Mx proteins differ from small GTPases and heterotrimeric G proteins in features such as their large size (70–100 kDa), a relatively low affinity for GTP, and a high intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis. Mx proteins contain a highly conserved tripartite GTP-binding motif within the N-terminal G domain, while their less conserved C-terminal half serves different functions such as homooligomerization and association with binding partners. Two distinct regions of human MxA, a central interactive region (amino acids 372–540) and a C-terminal leucine zipper motif (amino acids 564–662), are responsible for intra- and intermolecular interactions. MxA/Mx1 is cytosolic, while two MxB/Mx forms exist, a 78 kDa nuclear form and a 76 kDa cytosolic form lacking the N-terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS). Mx proteins are induced by type I IFNs and possess important antiviral properties. Human MxA and rodent MxB (Mx2), in particular, confer resistance against influenza virus and hantaviruses, including Seoul virus, Puumala virus, Hantaan virus, and Andes virus, in vitro. Human MxB is also reported to inhibit HIV-1 infection by reducing the level of integrated viral DNA.
• Specificity: Clone M143 (a.k.a. CL143) is expected to react with both the canonical MxA (p78; Mx1) and the spliced variant varMxA (p56). This clone is also reported to cross-react with rat Mx2 and Mx3 (Hannah, M.F., et al. (2008). Brain Behav Immun. 22(4):503-516).
• Immunogen: Epitope: N-terminal half
• Application: Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A representative lot detected upregulated MxA in cells showing positive viral nucleocapsid protein (NP) immunoreactivity in rat lung tissue 40 days post intraperitoneal Seoul virus inoculation by fluorescent immunohistochemistry using paraffin-embbeded sections (Hannah, M.F., et al. (2008). Brain Behav Immun. 22(4):503-516).Immunohistochemistry Analysis: Representative lots detected MxA immunoreactivity in patients-derived skin lesion samples using paraffin-embedded tissue sections (Urosevic, M., et al. (2007). J. Clin. Invest. 117(10): 2834–2846; Urosevic, M., et al. (2005). J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97(15):1143-1153).Flow Cytometry Analysis: A representative lot detected MxA expression in MxA-transfected U-87-H4 and U-87-D11, but not untransfected U-87-K4 human gliobastoma cells (Schneider-Schaulies, S., et al. (1994). J. Virol. 68(11):6910-6917).Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected a robust MxA induction in the lung tissue from guinea pigs that recieved intranasal administration of recombinant human alpha-IFN (Van Hoeven, N., et al. (2009). J. Virol. 83(7): 2851–2861).Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected a time-dependent MxA induction in the lung tissue from rats following intraperitoneal Seoul virus inoculation (Hannah, M.F., et al. (2008). Brain Behav Immun. 22(4):503-516).Immunoprecipitation Analysis: A representative lot immunoprecipitated MxA from murine MxA-expressing Swiss 3T3 cells (clone 4.5.15) (Flohr, F., et al. (1999). FEBS Lett. 463(1-2):24-28).
• Quality: Evaluated by Western Blotting in Swiss 3T3 (clone 4.5.15) cell lysate.Western Blotting Analysis: 0.5 µg/mL of this antibody detected MxA in 10 µg of Swiss 3T3 (clone 4.5.15) cell lysate.
• Target description: ~75 kDa observed
• Physical form: Format: Purified
• Storage and Stability: Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt.
• Other Notes: Concentration: Please refer to lot specific datasheet.
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