CD74 Monoclonal Antibody (VIC-Y1), eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

• Description: This VIC-Y1 monoclonal antibody recognizes human CD74, also known as the MHC Class II-associated invariant chain
• A 33-43 kDa nonpolymorphic type II membrane protein, CD74 is highly expressed on B cells and subsets of activated T cells, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells
• Monocytes and macrophages also express CD74, but at lower levels
• CD74 acts as a chaperone of MHC Class II (HLA-DR) proteins, promoting their translocation from the ER to endocytic compartments during antigen presentation
• Activation of NFkB and ERK has been shown following CD74 interaction with CD44 and binding to the proinflammatory cytokine macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF)
• CD74 also plays a role in the maturation of follicular B-cells and accumulation of marginal zone B-cells
• CD74 has also been demonstrated to interact with CXCR2 and CXCR4
• The VIC-Y1 monoclonal antibody binds to a cytoplasmic region of human CD74 and thus cannot be used to detect cell surface expression of this molecule
• Applications Reported: This VIC-Y1 antibody has been reported for use in immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections
• Applications Tested: This VIC-Y1 antibody has been tested by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded human tonsil tissue using low pH antigen retrieval
• This antibody can be used at less than or equal to 5 μg/mL
• HLA-DR, like other MHC class II molecules, is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of a 36 kDa alpha chain (DRA) and 27 kDa beta chain (DRB)
• The alpha chain gene contains 5 exons
• Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail
• DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5
• Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities
• Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation
• HLA-DR is expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells such as B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, thymic epithelial cells and activated T lymphocytes
• Three loci, DR, DQ and DP, encode the major expressed products of the human class II region
• The human MHC class II molecules bind intracellularly processed peptides, present them to T-helper cells, and have a critical role in the initiation of the immune response.