Thermo Scientific™ GalNAz (N-azidoacetylgalactosamine tetraacylated)

Description

• Thermo Scientific™ Pierce Azido-Sugars (GlcNAz, GalNAz and ManNAz) are azide-labeled sugars that provide a highly specific approach for studying glycoproteins through in vivo metabolic labeling and chemoselective ligation
• The sugars are azide-derivatives of naturally occurring monosaccharides that cells use to glycosylate proteins using post-translational modification biochemical pathways
• The azide functional group is small and nonreactive with endogenous molecules
• When supplied to cells, these compounds become incorporated by glycosylation events to effectively “tag” glycoproteins with the azide group
• The azide group then can be efficiently and specifically targeted for detection or conjugation using alkyne-activated reagents (“click” chemistry) or phosphine-activated reagents (Staudinger ligation)
• Thus, when used in combination with phosphine-activated fluorescent dyes, biotin reagents, and or other compounds, these Azido-modified Sugars facilitate the investigation of cellular pathways involving glycosylation
• There are several classes of glycoproteins grouped by the type of carbohydrate and amino acid linkage site
• N-linked glycosylation is a modification of asparagine amines, whereas O-linked glycosylation occurs through the hydroxyl of serine and threonine residues
• The azido-modified sugars are bioorthogonal substitutes for endogenous amino sugars
• ManNAz is converted by cells to an azido sialic acid derivative that is used for N-linked glycosylation of cell surface proteins
• GlcNAz and GalNAz are predominantly used to label the O-linked glycosylation (O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc)
• Highlights: Bioorthogonal - the azido group is small, nonreactive and absent from living systems; as such the azido-sugar compounds do not interfere with endogenous cellular pathways and substitute for their naturally occurring analogs Compatible - reaction chemistry with phosphine compounds occurs effectively in simple buffer conditions; requires no accessory reagents such as copper or reducing agents Chemoselective - Azide and phosphine groups do not react or interfere with components of biological samples but conjugate to one another with high efficiency Versatile - Azide tag can be targeted for detection, immobilization, conjugation or affinity purification depending on which phosphine-activated compound it is reacted with